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@article{zhenbing:2015aa,
	abstract = {为了提升立式冷藏陈列柜的能效等级,尝试采用ESM风机与LED灯管代替原有电容风机与T8灯管。在相同温、湿度条件下,通过试验测定柜内M-包温度及风幕出风口、回风口风速。结果表明,M-包温度波动范围变小,风幕风速分布更均匀。能效系数由78.02%降低为64.99%,能效等级从3级进入2级。ESM风机与LED灯管替换模式值得推广。},
	author = {甄仌 and 宋宝玉 and 杨萍 and 郭靖 and 王长江 and 季阿敏 %+ 哈尔滨工业大学;松下冷链(大连)有限公司;哈尔滨商业大学;},
	date = {2015},
	date-added = {2024-12-03 09:48:27 +0800},
	date-modified = {2024-12-03 09:48:27 +0800},
	journal = {流体机械},
	keywords = {冷藏陈列柜;风机;照明设备;能效等级},
	l = {34-1144/TH},
	number = {08},
	pages = {64-67+5 %@ 1005-0329},
	title = {冷藏陈列柜改进风机和照明设备的能效试验研究},
	url = {https://kns.cnki.net/kcms2/article/abstract?v=ifIT5_n5_GfM21ylO3vV4I4AZ1zBDKhkgUvgwxoo4tozXIDnhCJXLLxexEam_e3-jtwngEqnNUamAet4lcLHDVkanzTKN8RZsFH8pBFVomiY6s1dPgqr_2ObT4BGHil2Vqc7Cxx81W_KxeRq8PhXdGSK0JWFsmWQm5INbJ4sCL8JIns-4dBLn4ZkPgT-FdOiwzAUIAQrdoo=&uniplatform=NZKPT&language=CHS},
	volume = {43},
	w = {CNKI},
	year = {2015},
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@article{niuxinchao:2019aa,
	abstract = {根据对国内现有食品冷库的调研和对欧美、日本等发达国家食品冷库的研究,国内食品冷库绝大部分不具备进行能效标准评估的条件,也没有建立食品冷库能效在线评估系统的基础条件。希望通过该规范的订立,为国内食品冷库能效设施建设提供指导性文件,也为未来国内食品冷库能效标准的制定和在线评估系统建立奠定硬件基础。},
	author = {牛新朝 and 田甜 and 陈建平 and 史雪菲 and 黄广峰 %+ 中机十院国际工程有限公司;中国制冷学会;},
	date = {2019},
	date-added = {2024-12-03 09:27:49 +0800},
	date-modified = {2024-12-03 09:27:49 +0800},
	journal = {制冷},
	keywords = {食品冷库;能效设施;评估指标},
	l = {44-1220/TB},
	number = {02},
	pages = {59-62 %@ 1005-9180},
	title = {浅析食品冷库能效设施等级评估指标},
	url = {https://kns.cnki.net/kcms2/article/abstract?v=ifIT5_n5_GekAaKtO9tQLv2viAWeX8FboclhO1eVs_iho9VXnF_vFMnTLyMxP3GZ9t2j3_pcVj4BiuvJBhzllPn9aW-ItmJsgxVi3Lq-WARvg96i35w5gYC6d2Ji54r0ESKvrjEzGvqUtaGxwlOrm8Oh8cJplEhhRTBIGh2ioUCGsagdyh40BZye2QNo5VEBxb1bZKp39U4=&uniplatform=NZKPT&language=CHS},
	volume = {38},
	w = {CNKI},
	year = {2019},
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@article{tianzhangqing:2022aa,
	abstract = {碳达峰、碳中和计划的提出，为冷链行业带来新的挑战和机遇。分析有效减少碳排放的主要技术途径，并从冷冻冷藏、冷藏运输、冷藏销售这3个关键环节和腐损减少预期，预算并计算我国冷链行业2025年的碳减排成效。结果表明，通过技术进步和设备更新升级可在冷链行业内减少1.15亿吨碳排放。},
	author = {田长青 and 孔繁臣 and 张海南 %+ 中国科学院理化技术研究所;中国科学院大学;},
	date = {2022},
	date-added = {2024-12-03 09:25:50 +0800},
	date-modified = {2024-12-03 09:25:50 +0800},
	journal = {制冷与空调},
	keywords = {碳减排;冷链;技术途径;成效测算},
	l = {11-4519/TB},
	number = {03},
	pages = {72-77 %@ 1009-8402},
	title = {冷链碳减排技术途径及成效测算},
	url = {https://kns.cnki.net/kcms2/article/abstract?v=ifIT5_n5_GeFDSE5AwoghVbpyWkNDrMVJxep1hVxrDZAZmBBF4n7yXtlva4B3AzDwccH_Vq8zPPHx4YUq-FG8d-S0aKLFxe53kS7SEgDsAxiYpbM9wxkIpE-UWQOKaU77zwBmoTmcItmdlZHs0cs-Q2ZJDsrqsG9vOgPLZR3kkiRYl3s-gjr4jolcIdPMk1OL7pN8QiIazg=&uniplatform=NZKPT&language=CHS},
	volume = {22},
	w = {CNKI},
	year = {2022},
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@article{RAHMANIFAR2024100573,
	abstract = {The critical interdependence between facility location and vehicle routing is a fundamental component of cold chain logistics management (CCLM). Furthermore, integrating information within CCLM has the potential to enhance operational efficiency, reduce costs, improve risk management, and elevate product quality, ultimately ensuring that temperature-sensitive goods are delivered in best condition. This paper introduces a novel non-linear multi-objective model designed to concurrently optimize warehouse facility location and vehicle routing, addressing the challenges inherent in cold chain logistics processes. The model seeks to minimize the aggregate costs related to transportation, facility location, and delivery tardiness. The study accounts for several pragmatic assumptions to address real-world scenarios: multiple delivery requests per customer, handling mixed commodities, and distributing mixed commodities using a single vehicle. This paper firstly studies simultaneous pickup and delivery with multiple requests and heterogeneous customer demands, each of which should be preserved in a different range of temperatures and needs different vehicle types. The epsilon-constraint method is employed to validate the proposed model, and a set of advanced, hybrid multi-objective evolutionary algorithms (MOEA) are presented to tackle the problem in a real-world context. A comprehensive set of performance metrics is utilized supported by rigorous statistical testing.},
	author = {Golman Rahmanifar and Mostafa Mohammadi and Mohammad Golabian and Ali Sherafat and Mostafa Hajiaghaei-Keshteli and Gaetano Fusco and Chiara Colombaroni},
	date-added = {2024-12-01 16:09:57 +0800},
	date-modified = {2024-12-01 16:09:57 +0800},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jii.2024.100573},
	issn = {2452-414X},
	journal = {Journal of Industrial Information Integration},
	keywords = {Integrated location-routing problem, Cold chain, Vehicle routing, Multi-objective optimization, Metaheuristics},
	pages = {100573},
	title = {Integrated location and routing for cold chain logistics networks with heterogeneous customer demand},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452414X24000177},
	volume = {38},
	year = {2024},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452414X24000177},
	bdsk-url-2 = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jii.2024.100573},
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@article{HWANG2025125063,
	abstract = {Heat infiltration from frequent door opening of refrigerated trucks during delivery for cold chains has a significant impact on food quality and energy consumption. This study investigates the flow and heat transfer characteristics inside a 15 m3 refrigerated truck. Detailed analysis was conducted during the transient state after opening the truck door under several different practical conditions. The numerical method was validated using experimental data and showed an acceptable agreement. Initially, the flow inside a refrigerated truck body with no load and the fan off was investigated after opening two doors. Subsequently, the effects of the number of doors opened, fan operation, and amount of cargo loading were analyzed. When the truck was empty and the fans were operating with all doors opened, the forced flow region was located at the top and the natural convection region was located below. The temperature and infiltration heat increased significantly after the outside air was drawn in by the fans. When the fans were turned off, natural convection was dominant, and a rapid increase in temperature occurred when the inflow of outside air increased. When only one door was closed, the circulation of cold air was maintained, suppressing air inflow and rapidly increasing the air temperature. The rate of temperature increase was approximately 23 % slower for the half-loaded case than for the no-load case. The results of this study can contribute to reducing energy consumption by optimizing the operating strategy and geometry that can minimize the heat loss after opening the doors.},
	author = {Hyun Sung Hwang and Youngho Rhee and Dongchan Lee},
	date-added = {2024-12-01 16:07:54 +0800},
	date-modified = {2024-12-01 16:07:54 +0800},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2024.125063},
	issn = {1359-4311},
	journal = {Applied Thermal Engineering},
	keywords = {Refrigerated truck, Cold chain, Thermal flow analysis, Infiltration heat, Cargo loading},
	pages = {125063},
	title = {Thermal and flow analysis of a refrigerated truck for cold chains under various conditions in practical use},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359431124027315},
	volume = {260},
	year = {2025},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359431124027315},
	bdsk-url-2 = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2024.125063},
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@article{FAN2024107610,
	abstract = {Cold chain logistics are crucial for transporting fresh agricultural products from farms to consumers in China. However, geographical and resource differences significantly challenge its development across provinces. Drawing on data from 30 Chinese provinces in 2022, this research identifies and examines 12 critical factors that impede cold chain logistics' progress. We use the CRITIC method to assign weights of these factors, and employ the minimum cumulative resistance model to compute comprehensive resistance values for each province. Additionally, this study utilizes the minimum-cost path and gravity model to outline potential corridors for the sustainable development of cold chain logistics for fresh agricultural products (SD-CCLFAP) at various hierarchy levels. The results indicate that number of cold chain-related policies issued by the government, railway distance, highway distance, and annual mean temperature exert higher weights on China's provincial SD-CCLFAP. Notably, the western region of China encounters greater resistance in this respect. Primary corridors for SD-CCLFAP are more prevalent in North China and East China. In contrast, Northeast China, Northwest China and Southwest China have fewer primary corridors. This study offers valuable insights for enhancing the efficiency of cold chain logistics for agricultural products, informing sustainable logistics development and strategic planning for both governments and businesses.},
	author = {Xuemei Fan and Yingdan Zhang and Jiahui Xue and Yingying Cao},
	date-added = {2024-12-01 16:05:40 +0800},
	date-modified = {2024-12-01 16:05:40 +0800},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2024.107610},
	issn = {0195-9255},
	journal = {Environmental Impact Assessment Review},
	keywords = {Cold chain logistics for fresh agricultural products, Sustainable development, Resistance, Corridor construction},
	pages = {107610},
	title = {Exploring the path to the sustainable development of cold chain logistics for fresh agricultural products in China},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195925524001975},
	volume = {108},
	year = {2024},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195925524001975},
	bdsk-url-2 = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2024.107610},
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@article{MUSTAFA2024101343,
	abstract = {Purpose
This study conducts a bibliometric analysis of Food Cold Chain Logistics and Management (FCCLM) literature to identify key discussions influencing its development and highlight current and emerging trends. The study aims to uncover major research themes, trends, and gaps, providing a comprehensive overview of FCCLM research.
Design/methodology/approach
Using bibliometric analysis via VOSviewer and Biblioshiny, data from over 114 academic publications in Scopus is examined to identify influential contributors and patterns in FCCLM literature. The study involves several stages, including data acquisition, preprocessing, and bibliometric assessments like co-occurrence, citation, and co-citation analyses.
Findings
The research reveals significant growth in FCCLM literature, particularly contributions from developed nations. The study identifies six primary research clusters: (1) Integrated Cold Chain and Logistics Management, (2) Sustainable Cold Chain Logistics, (3) Cold Chain Logistics for Food Safety, (4) Optimizing Food Storage and Shelf Life, (5) Blockchain and Digital Solutions in Food Supply Chain, and (6) Leveraging AI and RFID for Cost-Effective Quality Control. Key findings include the increasing emphasis on sustainability and technological advancements, such as RFID and IoT, that enhance traceability and operational efficiency. Despite these advancements, significant gaps remain in understanding the practical application of these technologies, the impact of climate change, and the need for better human factors and training in cold chain logistics.
Practical implications
The insights are crucial for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners involved in FCCLM. Understanding the current research landscape will help identify research needs, promote sustainable, tech-advanced practices, and foster collaboration to improve the global food supply chain's efficiency and resilience.
Originality
This study comprehensively reviews FCCLM literature, identifying trends and highlighting future research areas. It offers a unique perspective on the evolution of FCCLM research, emphasizing the importance of sustainability and technological advancements in overcoming challenges.},
	author = {Muhammad Firdaus Mujibuddin Syah Mustafa and Namasivayam Navaranjan and Amer Demirovic},
	date-added = {2024-12-01 16:04:37 +0800},
	date-modified = {2024-12-01 16:04:37 +0800},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2024.101343},
	issn = {2666-1543},
	journal = {Journal of Agriculture and Food Research},
	keywords = {Food cold chain logistic management, Food supply chain, bibliometric analysis, sustainability, Agriculture},
	pages = {101343},
	title = {Food cold chain logistics and management: A review of current development and emerging trends},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666154324003806},
	volume = {18},
	year = {2024},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666154324003806},
	bdsk-url-2 = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2024.101343},
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@article{LI2024111531,
	abstract = {Cold chain logistics is the process of transporting fresh products from producer to consumer in a constant low-temperature environment. Cold chain logistics efficiency is directly related to food safety and energy consumption. At present, cold chain logistics equipment mainly relies on diesel engine-driven vapor compression refrigeration system, which has high energy consumption, high equipment cost, and other defects. Phase change cold storage technology is a kind of technology that utilizes the property of absorbing and releasing heat during the phase change process of phase change materials (PCM) to realize the storage and release of cold energy. The combination of phase change cold storage technology and cold chain logistics equipment can effectively reduce cold chain logistics costs, energy consumption, emissions. Utilizing its property of maintaining a constant temperature during phase change, the temperature of the cold chain logistics process can be maintained uniformly, thus prolonging the fresh products preservation time. This paper reviews phase change cold storage technology and its application in fresh products cold chain logistics, summarizes the classification, performance optimization technology, and selection method of phase change materials, and describes the application scenarios and equipment types of phase change cold storage technology in cold chain logistics. Finally, it looks forward to the development direction of phase change cold storage technology applied in cold chain logistics and puts forward the problems that need to be solved to promote its development.},
	author = {Mu Li and Baoshan Xie and Yaxi Li and Penghui Cao and Guanghui Leng and Chuanchang Li},
	date-added = {2024-12-01 16:03:44 +0800},
	date-modified = {2024-12-01 16:03:44 +0800},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2024.111531},
	issn = {2352-152X},
	journal = {Journal of Energy Storage},
	keywords = {Fresh products cold chain logistics, Phase change cold storage technology, Phase change materials},
	pages = {111531},
	title = {Emerging phase change cold storage technology for fresh products cold chain logistics},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352152X24011162},
	volume = {88},
	year = {2024},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352152X24011162},
	bdsk-url-2 = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2024.111531},
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@article{KARTHIKEYAN2024119137,
	abstract = {Sustainable supply chain management, especially in downstream distribution, is crucial for reducing environmental impact. As consumer awareness of sustainable food supply grows, food distribution systems must enhance their environmental performance while maintaining economic competitiveness. In India's fish distribution system, a capacitated distribution network within a two-layer supply chain is proposed, focusing on minimizing CO2 emissions and distribution costs through sustainable multi-objective optimization. A hybrid renewable energy-powered fish chain application is introduced, covering storage, drying, transportation, and cold chain functions. The system is optimized at three levels: thermal design of energy resources, total hybrid energy consumption, and selection of environmentally friendly working fluids. Implemented in tropical India's high fishing grounds, it uses solar thermal via parabolic trough collectors and biomass seaweed boiler at non-sunshine hours. The coastal plant features a cascade organic Rankine cycle, a multi-temperature fish cold storage system, and a PEM green hydrogen production system for truck operations. The system achieves an energy efficiency of 17.6 %, exergy efficiency of 9.3 %, and reduces CO2 by 2 tons per day, with a feasible payback period of 2.76 years. This research offers insights for transitioning from traditional, energy-intensive methods to renewable energy-powered alternatives, enhancing sustainable fish transportation globally.},
	author = {B. Karthikeyan and G. {Praveen Kumar}},
	date-added = {2024-12-01 16:01:54 +0800},
	date-modified = {2024-12-01 16:01:54 +0800},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119137},
	issn = {0196-8904},
	journal = {Energy Conversion and Management},
	keywords = {Green hydrogen, Cold storage, Hybrid energy, Optimization, Sustainable cold chain},
	pages = {119137},
	title = {A comprehensive thermodynamic modeling, feasibility, and optimization study of a renewable energy powered system for sustainable cold chain applications − Cooling, power, heating, and green hydrogen production},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196890424010781},
	volume = {322},
	year = {2024},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196890424010781},
	bdsk-url-2 = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119137},
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@article{MARCHI202256,
	abstract = {Food refrigeration during transport, and storage activities makes energy consumption in the supply chain particularly high, with relevant impacts on its sustainability. The growing push towards sustainability and product quality makes it necessary to have a continuous temperature control that allows to avoid food waste and temperature abuses with unmotivated high energy consumption. An efficient management of the cold chain guarantees product quality, customer satisfaction and, more generally, greater protection of public health, with direct impacts on the quantities of food and drinks wasted. In this perspective, energy efficiency not only encompasses benefits for the environment but also for food quality and for the final consumer. All aspects linked to the sustainable development goals, on which the attention of the UN and FAO is also focusing. Aim of the present study is to propose a quantitative approach to map the energy flows throughout the cold chain, while considering the time-temperature relationship of products from farm-to-fork. This approach can support decision makers inside cold chains in the identification of energy efficient best practices which allow to reduce the environmental impact both reducing the energy consumption and the quality losses. Results of the energy flow mapping also allow companies in the cold chains and cold logistic operators to prioritize these energy efficiency measures (i.e., starting from the stage with the highest energy consumptions or quality losses) and subsequent what-if analyses assess the potential energy savings for the whole cold chain. The holistic perspective can support the overcoming reservations to the uptake of new technologies, maintenance policies and sustainable operation management practices.},
	author = {Beatrice Marchi and Simone Zanoni},
	date-added = {2024-12-01 15:58:31 +0800},
	date-modified = {2024-12-01 15:58:31 +0800},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2022.12.035},
	issn = {2352-1465},
	journal = {Transportation Research Procedia},
	keywords = {Energy efficiency, cold chain, refrigeration, food supply chain, life cycle perspective},
	note = {6th International Conference on Food and Wine Supply Chain},
	pages = {56-62},
	title = {Energy efficiency in cold supply chains of the food and beverage sector},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352146522007621},
	volume = {67},
	year = {2022},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352146522007621},
	bdsk-url-2 = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2022.12.035},
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@article{NEUSEL2022100082,
	abstract = {Temperature-controlled cold supply chains (CSCs) are essential to ensure the availability of high-quality food products all year round. Cooling and freezing account for approximately 30% of the electricity consumption in the food sector alone. Improving energy efficiency could therefore make a substantial contribution to achieving climate neutrality in this sector. Many analyses of energy efficiency seek to understand the adoption of energy efficiency measures (EEMs) in individual companies. Yet they hardly address the adoption of EEMs specifically in CSCs, in particular in the food sector. The novelty of this paper lies in analysing the conditions for and perceptions of energy efficiency along food CSCs. This also covers the implications of applying the theory on barriers to EEM in such chains. For this purpose, the paper combines the results of an interview study with 61 participants and a survey with 122 respondents from private sector organizations active in food CSCs in the European Union. It focuses on factors affecting the adoption of EEMs in CSCs, in particular a) the structure of food CSCs, b) non-energy benefits and c) behavioural and organizational aspects. The findings suggest that a) energy efficiency is more prevalent in individual companies than along entire CSCs, that b) non-energy related benefits seem relevant but are less perceived along CSCs and that c) the adoption of EEMs in CSCs is complex due to the structural, behavioural and organizational factors only present in multi-company settings such as CSCs. Linking these findings to the theory of barrier underlines that it is advisable to explicitly consider the inherent characteristics of CSCs when investigating barriers to energy efficiency and deriving implications for policy making thereof.},
	author = {Lisa Neusel and Simon Hirzel},
	date-added = {2024-12-01 15:57:45 +0800},
	date-modified = {2024-12-01 15:57:45 +0800},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clscn.2022.100082},
	issn = {2772-3909},
	journal = {Cleaner Logistics and Supply Chain},
	keywords = {Cold supply chain, Energy efficiency, Food sector, Non-energy benefits, Barriers to energy efficiency},
	pages = {100082},
	title = {Energy efficiency in cold supply chains of the food Sector: An exploration of conditions and perceptions},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772390922000555},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2022},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772390922000555},
	bdsk-url-2 = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clscn.2022.100082},
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@article{wangxiang:2023aa,
	abstract = {能效评估与碳排放核算可为食品冷链节能减排策略的制定提供理论工具和实践支持,同时也是实现食品冷链可持续发展的先决条件.本文首先阐述了一般食品冷链中能耗与碳排放的关系,以及太阳能值、标准煤和等效电3种能耗折算标准的原理及应用,并对食品冷链各环节能源消耗情况进行了分析.在此基础上,从宏观能效、微观能效、能源经济、环境能效、综合能效5个方面提出了10个能效指标,构建了食品冷链能效评估指标体系,并综述了其他能效评估指标和方法.此外,本文还介绍了碳排放折算标准,重点对中国电力碳排放因子作了论述,并回顾了排放因子法、生命周期评价法、投入产出法,以及混合生命周期评价法4种碳排放核算方法的由来、原理以及优缺点等,以及生命周期评价法在食品冷链碳足迹计算中的基本流程,并提出了食品冷链节能减排策略.最后,对食品冷链的能效评估与碳排放核算进行了简要展望,以期为推动中国食品冷链的可持续发展提供借鉴.},
	author = {王想 and 邹金桂 and 李由 and 孙韵 and 张小栓},
	date = {2023},
	date-added = {2024-12-01 15:38:43 +0800},
	date-modified = {2024-12-01 15:38:43 +0800},
	g = {chi},
	h = {WANG Xiang; ZOU Jingui; LI You; SUN Yun; ZHANG Xiaoshuan %+ 中国农业大学},
	journal = {智慧农业（中英文）},
	journal1 = {Smart Agriculture %@ 2096-8094},
	keywords = {食品冷链; 能耗折算; 能耗分析; 能效评估; 碳排放; 冷链节能减排; 智慧供应链},
	number = {1},
	pages = {1-21},
	title = {食品冷链能效评估与碳排放核算研究综述},
	url = {https://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/periodical/Ch9QZXJpb2RpY2FsQ0hJTmV3UzIwMjQxMTA1MTcxMzA0Eg16aG55MjAyMzAxMDAxGghxdjFlMzY3MQ== %R},
	volume = {5},
	w = {北京万方数据股份有限公司 基金项目:},
	year = {2023},
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@thesis{wangda:2022aa,
	abstract = {预冷是园艺产品在采摘后迅速冷却达到目标温度的过程。``碳达峰碳中和''国家战略的提出对预冷的发展提出了低碳化、高效化的新要求，目前我国采后预冷环节存在着效率低、能耗高、智能化水平低等问题。现有文献缺少对预冷能效的系统研究，预冷能效评估和参数优化缺乏理论依据。本文开展类球形果蔬的预冷机理及理论研究，构建并验证了类球形果蔬预冷时间和综合能效模型，提出了系统化的预冷能效评估和预冷参数优化设计方法，开展了预冷环境因子与果蔬品质控制耦合效应研究，实现了基于预冷效率、能耗、品质的预冷参数的多目标优化与评价。本文主要开展的工作如下。  (1)引入预冷尺度系数将果蔬分为一般尺度和特殊尺度，采用微团法解决特殊尺度果蔬数值建模过程中精度较差的问题。比较了多孔介质法，等效球体法、微团法等处理方法下预冷效果差异。微团法能有效解决建模过程中配置复杂、模拟时间长、精度差等问题，合理的设置微团内个体数量、个体间距以及微团间距可较好吻合实际的预冷过程。从预冷时间、预冷均匀性、压降等表观量以及流换热系数、表面摩擦系数等微观量角度分析不同微团结构参数对预冷的影响，确定了最佳微团模型参数。通过不同工况下的模拟与实验验证分析，微团法的温度误差小于1℃，压降精度在85％以上，为预冷过程中的样本数据库建立奠定了基础。  (2)针对现有预冷时间的纯理论、半经验和半理论公式因素单一、预测精度较差等问题，以类球形果蔬冷却的理论解析方程为基本依据，采用因素分析和中间系数法，从单体、堆栈两个维度确定了高精度的预冷时间半理论半经验公式，公式预测精度分别达到95％和93％。单体和堆栈果蔬预冷的冷却系数c与果蔬直径、物性参数及送风参数存在特定的函数关系，单体和堆栈果蔬预冷的滞后因子J与预冷毕渥数历分别呈线性和指数函数关系。确定了基于开孔包装的类球形果蔬预冷时间的全因素预测模型，模型精度和果蔬尺度关系较大，对于特殊尺度果蔬预测精度较差，一般尺度果蔬预测精度90％以上。  (3)在类球形果蔬预冷综合能效预测模型方面，首先分析了预冷系统的热力学特性，建立了其制冷系统的能耗数学表达式;其次揭示了预冷过程中的流动阻力特性，建立了风机能耗的数学表达式，最后确定预冷系统的综合能效模型。采用偏导数求解和夹逼法则，分析了送风温度、送风速度、包装开孔率对预冷时间和能耗的影响规律，确定了基于预冷高能效比的参数优化设计方法，得出了送风温度、送风速度、包装开孔率的理论最优解，实现了基于预冷时间和预冷能耗的双目标参数寻优。  针对特殊尺度的类球形果蔬预冷包装压降大、机械损伤率高等问题，提出了梯形凹孔+多矩形孔结构的专用预冷包装，在现有预冷降温曲线通式的基础上增加了送风速度的变量，并通过实验和文献进行了验证，最大预测误差低于20％，实现了特殊尺度果蔬预冷能效模型修正和参数优化。  (4)以易腐类浆果蓝莓为研究对象，提出了预冷品质贡献率概念，开展了以预冷为基础的蓝莓冷链周期内的品质评价。因为预冷条件的改善，蓝莓冷链期间的可溶性固形物、花青素、质地、商品化率的预冷品质贡献率分别为15.15％、19.48％、4.34％。预冷时间控制在1h左右可以最大限度的保持蓝莓的质地、色泽和营养物质。预冷时间短可较早的启动蓝莓花青素的合成机制，有助于蓝莓冷链期间花青素的含量保持。较强的预冷刺激(预冷风速大、预冷温度低)可显著降低弹性，且能降低蓝莓软果率。提出了一些降低机械损伤、提高商品化率的操作策略。分选、包装宜在预冷前进行，预冷后若直接运输应该采用柔性包装;避免脆度大引起的机械损伤;应根据蓝莓弹性指标值选择最佳的运输时机，降低腐损率。  综上所述，本课题关于类球形果蔬预冷综合能效模型及多目标优化的研究结果，为提高预冷效率、减少能量消耗和果蔬品质损失提供了参考依据，为预冷工艺优化和控制决策提供了理论依据，提高了易腐果蔬预冷操作的低碳化、绿色化、数字化水平。},
	author = {王达},
	date = {2022},
	date-added = {2024-12-01 15:35:57 +0800},
	date-modified = {2024-12-01 15:35:57 +0800},
	editor = {[赖艳华]},
	g = {chi},
	keywords = {类球形果蔬; 预冷参数; 综合能效; 冷链周期; 多目标优化},
	publisher = {山东大学},
	title = {类球形果蔬预冷综合能效模型及多目标优化研究},
	type = {博士},
	url = {https://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/thesis/ChhUaGVzaXNOZXdTMjAyNDA5MjAxNTE3MjUSCFkzOTY1MDA3GghxdjFlMzY3MQ==},
	w = {北京万方数据股份有限公司},
	year = {2022},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/thesis/ChhUaGVzaXNOZXdTMjAyNDA5MjAxNTE3MjUSCFkzOTY1MDA3GghxdjFlMzY3MQ==}}

@article{tianzhangqing2023,
	abstract = {人民对生鲜食品品质的追求推动了冷链产业的快速发展,但在冷链扩张过程中,势必会引入大量的冷链设备设施,从而增加能源消耗和制冷剂泄漏,对环境造成负面影响,因此在当前"双碳"目标下,冷链行业的发展面临很大减排压力.本文针对冷链碳足迹中全环节,从制冷剂泄漏、能源消耗和食物损失浪费三个方面计算了碳排放,并对比分析了采用环保制冷剂、能效提升以及低碳能源利用在冷链发展过程中的减排效果.计算结果表明:当前与冷链相关的CO2排放达4.02亿t,若按照现有技术发展,至2030年,冷链碳排放将增至4.36亿t;若采用环保制冷剂、节能技术与低碳能源利用,则我国2030年冷链碳排放预计可降至2.72亿t.},
	author = {田长青 and 孔繁臣 and 张海南 and 潘洪民 and 郭风军},
	date = {2023},
	date-added = {2024-12-01 15:25:19 +0800},
	date-modified = {2024-12-01 15:25:35 +0800},
	g = {chi},
	h = {Tian Changqing; Kong Fanchen; Zhang Hainan; Pan Hongmin; Guo Fengjun %+ 中国科学院理化技术研究所 %+ 中国科学院理化技术研究所 %+ 山东商业职业技术学院},
	journal = {制冷学报},
	journal1 = {Journal of Refrigeration %@ 0253-4339},
	keywords = {冷链; 碳排放; 双碳目标; 低碳技术},
	number = {4},
	pages = {68-74,111},
	title = {中国冷链碳排放及低碳技术减排分析},
	type = {10.3969/j.issn.0253-4339.2023.04.068},
	url = {https://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/periodical/Ch9QZXJpb2RpY2FsQ0hJTmV3UzIwMjQxMTA1MTcxMzA0Eg16bHhiMjAyMzA0MDA3GggyYTRqOTE2cQ==},
	volume = {44},
	w = {北京万方数据股份有限公司 基金项目:},
	year = {2023},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/periodical/Ch9QZXJpb2RpY2FsQ0hJTmV3UzIwMjQxMTA1MTcxMzA0Eg16bHhiMjAyMzA0MDA3GggyYTRqOTE2cQ==}}

@article{zhong2024,
	abstract = {文中对大型冷库制冷系统的能效进行分析,着眼于制冷系统的构建、关键设备的选择,以及这些设备对系统整体能效的影响.通过对压缩机、冷风机、冷凝器等关键设备的选型和能效比较,揭示其在整个制冷系统中所扮演的角色以及对系统能效的潜在影响.最终,通过实验结果的对比分析,得出结论,为优化大型冷库制冷系统的能效提供了有益的指导方向.},
	author = {钟万华},
	date = {2024},
	date-added = {2024-12-01 15:15:52 +0800},
	date-modified = {2024-12-01 15:17:10 +0800},
	g = {chi},
	journal = {今日制造与升级},
	journal1 = {Manufacture & Upgrading Today %@ 2095-6932},
	keywords = {冷库; 制冷系统; 能效对比},
	number = {4},
	pages = {158-161},
	title = {关于大型冷库制冷系统的能效对比探究},
	url = {https://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/periodical/Ch9QZXJpb2RpY2FsQ0hJTmV3UzIwMjQxMTA1MTcxMzA0EhBqcnp6eXNqMjAyNDA0MDY5GggyYTRqOTE2cQ== %R},
	w = {北京万方数据股份有限公司 基金项目:},
	year = {2024}}

@thesis{liumin2023,
	abstract = {随着社会的快速发展和科技的不断进步，人工智能、大数据等技术在各个领域得到了广泛应用。在供热领域，传统的供热系统管理和控制方式已经难以满足现代城市的发展需求。实现智慧供热、智能化管理已然成为当前供热领域发展的重要趋势。为了实现智慧供热，必须解决供热系统温度预测和控制方面的关键问题。传统的温度预测方法往往基于经验公式，缺乏对数据深入挖掘的能力，导致预测精度不高。而传统的控制方法也大多基于规则，缺乏自适应性和智能化决策能力。本文以深度学习和强化学习为基础，对供热系统温度预测及控制进行研究，创建智能温度预测与控制模型，提高供热系统的温度预测精度，实现控制策略的智能化，为实现智慧供热和智能化管理提供辅助决策支持。  本文利用深度学习和强化学习技术，针对城市供热系统中的温度预测与控制问题进行了研究。在分析供热系统的复杂性、不确定性和动态性的基础上，创建了结合深度学习和强化学习的解决方案。一方面，依托深度学习中的长短时记忆网络（LSTM）技术，构建了高度精准的供热系统温度预测模型，并以热负荷预测为重点，将室外温度、历史热负荷等关键信息作为源数据，针对多个热力站的热负荷进行了深入的预测研究与应用。结果表明，该模型输出的热负荷预测值精度满足设计要求，与其他预测模型相比，LSTM温度预测模型展现了更高的拟合度和准确性。另一方面，以深度确定性策略梯度（DDPG）为基础，针对多个供热系统的一次侧供水流量序列进行了优化控制。以按需均匀供热为目标，实现了供热系统的智能化控制。结果表明，该方法不仅有效提高了供热系统的能效和用户舒适度，还在降低能耗和运行成本方面取得了显著成效。  本文通过对供热系统温度预测与控制模型的研究与应用，不仅为供热行业提供了一个全新的、高效的温度预测与控制方案，为行业的智能化转型提供有力支持，还有助于改善室内环境，提高居民和商业用户的满意度，同时还可以为冷链物流、农业温室等其他相似问题的解决提供一定的解决思路和方法借鉴。},
	author = {刘敏},
	date = {2023},
	date-added = {2024-12-01 15:14:09 +0800},
	date-modified = {2024-12-01 15:15:00 +0800},
	editor = {[彭延军]},
	g = {chi},
	keywords = {供热系统; 温度预测; 温度控制; 深度学习; 强化学习; 长短时记忆网络; 深度确定性策略梯度},
	publisher = {山东科技大学},
	title = {基于深度学习和强化学习的供热系统温度预测与控制模型研究及应用},
	type = {硕士},
	url = {https://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/thesis/ChhUaGVzaXNOZXdTMjAyNDA5MjAxNTE3MjUSCFk0MzA0NTI1GggyYTRqOTE2cQ==},
	w = {北京万方数据股份有限公司},
	year = {2023},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/thesis/ChhUaGVzaXNOZXdTMjAyNDA5MjAxNTE3MjUSCFk0MzA0NTI1GggyYTRqOTE2cQ==}}

@mastersthesis{liuruiheng2021,
	author = {刘瑞恒},
	date-added = {2024-12-01 15:10:13 +0800},
	date-modified = {2024-12-01 15:15:22 +0800},
	keywords = {大型制冷; 冷库智能控制; 监控系统},
	school = {兰州理工大学},
	title = {大型冷库智能控制与监控系统的研究与应用},
	year = {2021}}
